In the same construction setting, where identical building processes are applied, variations in the base concrete (ranging from fine stone concrete to other types) can significantly influence the quality of the cement wear-resistant floor during construction. These impacts can be seen in terms of color, strength, and wear resistance. Given this, when working with Sika hardener products, we recommend the following guidelines for the base concrete:
Firstly, manage the bleeding of the concrete effectively. Following vibration, the bleeding rate should ideally remain below 2%. Excessive water in concrete can lead to several issues:
1. A weaker surface with reduced abrasion resistance.
2. Admixtures like fly ash tend to rise to the surface, which can negatively affect the visual appearance.
3. Floating admixtures might create a barrier layer, potentially weakening the bond between the hardener and the concrete, leading to peeling.
Secondly, regulate the use of fly ash. High-quality water reducers can help reduce reliance on fly ash, or limit its usage to no more than 5%. Concrete showing signs of bleeding could result in localized "black spots" on the wear-resistant floor's surface if fly ash is overused.
Thirdly, avoid incorporating mineral powder into the concrete mix. Mineral powder increases the risk of floor peeling.
Fourthly, control the slump of the concrete. To maintain the quality of the wear-resistant floor, the slump should be kept minimal, preferably under 100mm. Concrete mixing stations must adjust slump based on temperature and transportation distance. For pumped concrete, the slump should be controlled between 120mm ± 10mm. Once the concrete arrives at the site, no additional water should be added.
Fifthly, avoid using air-entraining agents. Their use in concrete can lead to inevitable bubbling and peeling in the wear-resistant floor, thus they should be completely avoided.
Sixthly, steer clear of early-strength antifreeze agents. Most early-type antifreezes are sodium sulfate-based, causing the cement surface to whiten upon hardening (a condition known as "alkali-silica reaction"). This should be avoided, particularly for colored floors such as green ones.
Seventhly, ensure proper water usage. Drinking water should be used for mixing, adhering to the current "Standard for Concrete Mixing Water" (JGJ63). Alternative water sources like groundwater or river water could potentially damage the wear-resistant floor.
Eighthly, control the strength of the concrete. The grade should not fall below C25 nor exceed C30.
Ninthly, monitor the aggregate content in the concrete. Sediment in the aggregates should be avoided as it can lead to bubbling or peeling in the wear-resistant floor.
Lastly, when using hardeners on fine stone concrete layers, besides the above recommendations, two additional considerations should be noted:
1. The total casting layer thickness should be at least 60mm.
2. An interface agent (like Sikadur 32 LP) is preferable when pouring the full casting layer.
It is also crucial to note that the color of the wear-resistant floor can be influenced by the base concrete. For high-color requirements, it’s advisable to conduct a larger test panel on-site to determine the final color outcome.
Roller Window Screen
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