Quality control of premix production

Most premixed raw materials are produced through chemical synthesis, mineral extraction, or biological processes. Due to the variety of production methods and compositions, the properties of these premixes can vary significantly. The manufacturing process of premixes is relatively straightforward, allowing for multiple formulations. Once prepared, the raw materials can be thoroughly mixed in the required quantities. Premixes are typically added to complete feed rations and are mainly used to improve the growth and health conditions of livestock and poultry. This text will explore the key factors affecting premix quality and discuss control methods from three main aspects: raw material selection, production process management, and finished product monitoring.

1. Raw Material Control

The quality of raw materials plays a crucial role in the final product, as they not only form the basis of the finished premix but also directly influence the efficiency and stability of the production process. Monitoring raw materials is an essential part of quality assurance. The control of raw material quality involves several stages, including initial inspection, sampling testing, storage checks, usage tracking, and feedback collection.

1.1 Initial Inspection

The initial inspection is the first step after raw materials are received. It is a critical and necessary procedure that helps identify basic characteristics such as ingredient content, shelf life, color, moisture, presence of pests, mold, and other physical attributes. Different manufacturers may use slightly different methods, but the general steps are similar. First, the delivery note, packaging, and active ingredients should be verified. Next, the date and expiration date must be checked. Then, the material’s appearance, color uniformity, presence of moisture, clumping, insect infestation, impurities, and odor should be assessed. Finally, the inspection results should be recorded, and a decision made on whether to release the batch. A “Raw Material Initial Inspection Table” should be maintained for reference.

1.2 Sampling and Sample Preservation

Once raw materials are stored, they should be sampled and tested promptly if laboratory facilities are available. This ensures accurate determination of component content and detection of any harmful substances.

1.2.1 Sampling

Sampling must be representative and consistent. If the sample is not properly collected, even the most advanced analytical techniques will not yield meaningful results. Proper sampling is fundamental to accurate analysis.

1.2.2 Sampling Tools

For solid materials, a probe sampler is used, while liquid materials require a liquid sampling device.

1.2.3 Sample Quantity

The amount of sample taken depends on the quantity and importance of the raw material, and it should be sufficient to represent the overall properties of the batch.

1.2.4 Sampling Methods

Sampling should be random and adapted based on the material type, condition, packaging, and analysis purpose. Common methods include:

- For bulk materials, sampling points are selected at the center and four corners of each section (5 points per section). When multiple sections are involved, shared points are used between zones.

- For bagged materials, samples are taken using a probe sampler by inserting vertically into the bag or diagonally across the top. The sampler is rotated 180 degrees before removal.

- For liquid materials, the mixture should be stirred thoroughly, and samples should be taken from the top, middle, and bottom of the container, approximately 500 ml in total.

1.2.5 Sample Storage

Under normal conditions, samples should be stored for at least three months. Special samples may be kept for up to one year for future reference. Samples should be sealed, protected from light, and stored at temperatures below 25°C. Materials prone to spoilage should be stored in low-temperature environments or freeze-dried when necessary.

1.3 Quality Control During Storage

Raw material warehouses should be well-ventilated, dry, and free from moisture. They should be kept away from walls and properly padded. Additives often have specific storage requirements and need special attention. Upon arrival, all packages should be labeled with product name, date of receipt, and quantity. Special raw materials are usually managed by the quality control department, while general materials follow a first-in-first-out principle. Materials with high moisture content should be used first. Regular inspections of the warehouse should be conducted at least once a week, with increased frequency during hot seasons. Any abnormalities found should be addressed immediately.

1.4 Tracking and Feedback on Raw Material Use

During the production and application phase, it is important to monitor how raw materials are being used in real time. Any issues encountered should be resolved promptly and communicated to procurement teams for supplier evaluation and improvement.

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