**1. Scope**
This standard outlines the types of pesticides, hygiene standards, and usage guidelines for AA-grade and A-grade green foods. It applies to bio-sourced pesticides (biogenic pesticides), mineral-derived pesticides (pesticides of fossil origin), and synthetic organic pesticides. The objective is to ensure the safety, quality, and environmental sustainability of green food production.
**2. Reference Standards**
The provisions in the following standards are referenced within this document. The versions listed are valid at the time of publication. Users are encouraged to check for the latest editions as these standards may be revised over time.
- GB 4285-84: Pesticide Safety Standard
- GB 8321.1-87: Rational Use Criteria for Pesticides (Part 1)
- GB 8321.2-87: Rational Use Criteria for Pesticides (Part 2)
- GB 8321.3-89: Rational Use Criteria for Pesticides (Part 3)
- GB 8321.4-93: Rational Use Criteria for Pesticides (Part 4)
- GB 8321.5-1997: Guidelines for the Rational Use of Pesticides (Part 5)
- GB 8321.6-1999: Rational Use Criteria for Pesticides (Part 6)
- NY/T 1999: Environmental Quality Standard for Green Food Origin
**3. Definitions**
This standard uses the following definitions:
3.1 **Green Food**: Non-polluting, safe, high-quality, and nutritious food produced according to sustainable development principles using specific production methods and approved by specialized agencies.
3.2 **AA Grade Green Food**: Produced under conditions where the environment meets the "Environmental Quality Standard for Green Food Origin." No chemical fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed additives, or other harmful substances are used. It follows organic production methods and is certified for use with the AA grade label.
3.3 **A Grade Green Food**: Produced in an area that meets the "Environmental Quality Standard for Green Food Producing Area." Production adheres strictly to green food production material requirements, with limited use of synthetic materials. It is certified for use with the A grade label.
3.4 **Bio-sourced Pesticides**: Pesticides derived from biological organisms, their metabolic products, or extracts from natural sources to control pests and diseases.
3.5 **Mineral Source Pesticides**: Active ingredients derived from inorganic minerals or petroleum-based compounds.
3.6 **Synthetic Organic Pesticides**: Man-made organic chemicals with low toxicity, such as acaricides, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators, which can be used in limited quantities during the A-grade green food stage.
3.7 **AA Grade Green Food Production Materials**: Approved by specialized agencies and suitable for AA and A-grade green food production.
3.8 **A Grade Green Food Production Materials**: Approved by specialized agencies and suitable for A-grade green food production.
**4. Types of Pesticides**
4.1 **Bio-sourced Pesticides**
4.1.1 **Microbial Pesticides**
4.1.1.1 **Fungal Disease Control**: Quercetin, Geranol, Polymycin (Polyoxymycin), Jinggangmycin, Agricultural Anti-120, Zhongshengmycin.
4.1.1.2 **Mite Control**: Liuyangmycin, Huaguangmycin.
4.1.1.3 **Living Microbial Pesticides**: Fungal agents (e.g., Verticillium lecanii), bacterial agents (e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis), antagonistic bacteria, insect pathogenic nematodes, microspores, and viruses (e.g., Nuclear polyhedrosis virus).
4.1.2 **Animal Source Pesticides**: Insect pheromones (e.g., sex pheromones).
4.1.3 **Plant-Derived Pesticides**:
- **Insecticides**: Pyrethrin, Rotenone, Nicotine, Vegetable oil.
- **Fungicides**: Allicin.
- **Repellents**: Azadirachtin, Bitter, Chuanxiong.
- **Synergists**: Sesamin.
4.2 **Mineral Source Pesticides**
4.2.1 **Inorganic Acaricidal and Fungicidal Preparations**: Sulfur suspensions, wettable sulfur, stone sulfur mixtures, copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, etc.
4.2.2 **Mineral Oil Emulsions**
4.3 **Organic Synthetic Pesticides**
**5. Usage Guidelines**
Green food production should consider the entire agro-ecosystem, integrating various control measures to create an environment unfavorable for pests and diseases while supporting beneficial organisms. This helps maintain ecological balance and biodiversity, reducing damage caused by pests and diseases.
Priority should be given to agricultural practices such as selecting resistant varieties, non-chemical seed treatments, strong seedling cultivation, proper field management, soil turning, cleaning fields, crop rotation, and intercropping to prevent pest and disease outbreaks. Mechanical traps, light and color traps, and manual weeding can also be used.
When necessary, the following guidelines must be followed:
**5.1 Guidelines for AA Grade Green Food Production**
5.1.1 Only approved AA-grade production materials are permitted.
5.1.2 In cases where AA-grade materials are insufficient, the following may be used:
- Moderate-toxicity plant-derived insecticides, fungicides, repellents, and synergists (e.g., pyrethrin, fish root, tobacco water, allicin, neem, sesamin).
- Release of natural enemies such as predatory insects, mites, spiders, and entomopathogenic nematodes.
- Use of insect pheromones and plant attractants in traps.
- Application of mineral and vegetable oils.
- Limited use of sulfur and copper preparations.
- Limited use of living microbial pesticides (fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc.) approved by specialized agencies.
- Limited use of agricultural antibiotics (e.g., chunleimycin, polymycin, jinggangmycin).
5.1.3 Prohibited: Organic synthetic chemical pesticides, acaricides, fungicides, nematicides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators.
5.1.4 Prohibited: Mixing organic synthetic pesticides with bio-sourced or mineral-based pesticides.
5.1.5 Prohibited: Use of genetically modified varieties or preparations.
**5.2 Guidelines for A Grade Green Food Production**
5.2.1 Approved AA and A-grade production materials can be used.
5.2.2 In cases where AA and A-grade materials are insufficient, the following may be used:
- Medium-toxicity plant-, animal-, and microbe-derived pesticides.
- Sulfur and copper preparations.
- Limited use of some synthetic organic pesticides, in accordance with GB 4285, GB 8321.1–8321.6.
Additional rules include:
a. Low- and medium-toxicity pesticides must be used.
b. Highly toxic, persistent, or carcinogenic/teratogenic/mutagenic pesticides are strictly prohibited.
c. Each organic pesticide may be used only once per crop growth cycle (pyrethroids once per cycle).
5.2.3 Strictly follow application rates and safety intervals as per GB 4285 and GB 8321 series.
5.2.4 Prohibited: High-toxicity and high-residue pesticides during storage.
5.2.5 Final residue levels must meet MRL requirements.
5.2.6 Prohibited: Genetically engineered varieties or preparations.
The Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China approved the implementation of this standard on October 19, 1999.
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