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**The Use of Low-Oscillation Bearings: Oscillations Caused by Shape and Manufacturing Errors and Their Countermeasures**
Home > Bearing Knowledge > Use of Low-Oscillation Bearings – Oscillations Caused by Shape and Manufacturing Errors and Their Countermeasures
Source: China Bearing Network | Time: 2013-06-21
Low-oscillation bearings are essential in applications where smooth and stable rotation is critical. However, oscillations can still occur due to various factors, including shape inaccuracies and manufacturing errors. Understanding these causes and implementing appropriate countermeasures is crucial for optimizing bearing performance.
One common cause of oscillation is the presence of waviness on the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings. These wavy machining marks, which occur during the production process, can lead to unwanted vibrations, noise, and axial movement of the rotating shaft. The degree of waviness varies depending on the machining process and the quality of the components involved. Even with modern precision manufacturing, it's nearly impossible to eliminate all such imperfections completely.
In addition to manufacturing errors, the accuracy of the shaft and housing (seat hole) also plays a significant role. Poor shape accuracy in the shaft or seat hole can cause the bearing ring to tilt or deform, resulting in low-frequency oscillations that may be more pronounced than those caused by the bearing’s inherent waviness.
For example, if the shape error of the device exceeds 2 micrometers, it can introduce waviness ranging from 2 to 10 waves around the circumference. This can lead to oscillations that are 2 to 10 times the rotational speed. Similarly, issues like misalignment, improper keyway fit, or oversized shoulder chamfers can also contribute to deformation and subsequent oscillation.
Excessive clamping force applied during installation can also distort the outer ring, leading to noticeable oscillation and noise. It's important to ensure that end caps are tightened evenly and moderately to prevent over-clamping and reduce the risk of deformation.
Another factor is the fit between the bearing and the device. If the cooperation is too loose, especially between the rotating ring and the shaft, it can allow radial movement, disturbing the balance and causing elastic oscillations due to centrifugal forces. Similarly, a loose fit between the fixed ring and the seat hole can lead to deformation and increased roundness errors, further contributing to instability during operation.
Coaxiality errors between the shaft and the seat hole can also impact bearing performance. While the bearing itself may have minimal errors, misalignment in the system can significantly affect the rotational accuracy and result in oscillations related to the rotational speed.
To minimize oscillations and ensure smooth operation, it's essential to focus not only on the quality of the bearing but also on the precision of the mating components and the installation process. Regular maintenance, proper alignment, and careful selection of bearings based on application requirements are key steps in reducing unwanted vibrations and extending the life of the bearing system.
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