The coupling bolts and bolt holes that act as clamping between the steel frames are designed for large clearance assembly

The bolts connecting the screen box to the steel frame are clamped in place, and the bolt holes are intentionally designed with a larger clearance. This design ensures that the bolts are primarily subjected to tensile forces rather than shear forces. As a result, they only experience pre-tensioning force, pulsating inertial pulling forces, and frictional shear forces. In addition to the clamping bolts on the joint surface, there must also be a reaming hole positioning bolt that directly withstands shear forces.

When selecting fasteners, it's essential to consider sufficient yield strength, moderate stiffness, and high toughness, especially for high-strength bolt materials. These are typically made from medium carbon steel, such as grade 35, and are heat-treated through quenching and tempering to achieve a sorbite microstructure. This process enhances the overall mechanical properties, including strength, ductility, and impact toughness. The clamping force between the connected parts is achieved through the elastic deformation of both the bolt and the component it secures. Therefore, the bolt should have moderate rigidity—not too stiff—since excessive hardness can compromise its ability to maintain proper clamping force.

Bolts with higher toughness are more suitable for variable loading conditions because they can absorb energy through intragranular friction, which helps reduce and eliminate vibrations effectively. Moderate stiffness combined with high toughness improves the bolt’s fatigue resistance. Thus, the selection of bolts should be based on the specific loading conditions and the nature of the forces involved, rather than simply choosing the highest-grade bolts available. While higher strength, stiffness, and hardness may seem beneficial, they often come at the cost of reduced ductility and toughness, which can weaken the bolt’s fatigue performance. Therefore, the right balance is crucial when selecting bolts for any application.

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