The coupling bolts and bolt holes that act as clamping between the steel frames are designed for large clearance assembly

The bolts connecting the screen box to the steel frame are clamped, and the bolt holes are intentionally designed with a larger clearance. This design ensures that the bolts are only subjected to tensile forces, rather than shear forces. In other words, they primarily experience pre-tensioning force, pulsating inertial pulling forces, and frictional shear forces. In addition to the clamping bolts on the joint surface, there must also be reamed hole positioning bolts that directly bear the shear forces. These positioning bolts are essential for maintaining accurate alignment and structural integrity under dynamic loads.

When selecting fasteners, it's crucial to ensure they have sufficient yield strength, moderate stiffness, and high toughness—especially for high-strength bolt materials. Typically, medium carbon steel such as grade 35 is used, which is then quenched and tempered to achieve a sorbite microstructure. This process results in a balanced combination of mechanical properties, including strength, ductility, and impact resistance. The clamping force between connected parts is achieved through the elastic deformation of both the bolt and the components it connects. Therefore, the bolt’s rigidity should not be too high; it shouldn't be overly hard, but it must still provide adequate clamping force.

Bolts made from high-toughness metals perform better under variable loading conditions. Their ability to absorb energy is enhanced by intragranular friction, which helps to quickly reduce and eliminate vibrations. Moderate or low stiffness combined with high toughness can significantly improve the fatigue resistance of bolts. Thus, the selection of bolts should be based on the actual load conditions and the nature of the forces involved, rather than simply choosing the highest-grade bolts available. Higher strength, stiffness, and hardness may come at the cost of reduced plasticity and toughness, ultimately weakening the bolt’s fatigue performance. It’s important to strike a balance and choose the right material for the specific application.

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