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Over the past 100 years (l906-2005), the average global surface temperature has increased by 0.74 degrees Celsius, and in the next 20 years, global temperatures will increase by 0.2 degrees Celsius per decade. Climate warming has become a problem that cannot be ignored and has a direct impact on global production and life.
Some countries and regions have begun to study the countermeasures for low-carbon transportation, such as the classification and management of cars with different emission standards, and the use of scientific and technological means and taxation systems to control carbon emissions. Such as Europe, Britain, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Norway, Asia, Singapore, Tokyo, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Australia and other countries and regions through the establishment of low-carbon traffic areas, low emission areas, green traffic areas, clean demonstration areas, both It ensures the air quality in the region and encourages the use of clean transportation.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, Radio Frequency Identification) technology is an automatic identification technology that originated in the 1950s. RFID technology has broad application prospects. Intelligent transportation, logistics warehousing, retailing, manufacturing, medical and other fields are all RFID applications.
The development of low-carbon transportation is an inevitable trend. The use of RFID technology and the development of electronic environmental protection signage systems to classify vehicles under different emission standards for control and management, and the establishment of low-carbon traffic areas on the basis of this are inevitable in the current “perceived China†environment. select.
Through the construction of a low-carbon transportation area, the urban traffic pattern of “high-contamination yellow-marked vehicles banned from passing, ordinary emission vehicles restricted or toll-free, and zero-emission vehicles free to pass†will be formed in cities, which will promote the elimination of highly polluting vehicles and encourage them. The use of low-carbon emissions such as hybrid electric vehicles, especially zero-carbon emissions of pure electric vehicles and other new energy vehicles will play a catalytic role, while effectively solving the problem of urban congestion, and truly achieve low-carbon traffic, energy-saving emission reduction and improvement. The purpose of air quality.
Through the establishment of a low-carbon transportation tourist area and a low-emission demonstration area, the vehicle emission pollutants will be basically eliminated within a certain area, and the ambient air quality level of the city will be improved, and in particular, the air quality around the road will be improved. Through demonstration projects, more people can be encouraged to purchase and use new energy vehicles and low-emission vehicles, reduce the harm caused by exhaust gas pollution, and protect the ecological environment.
The low-carbon traffic area system is mainly composed of four parts: environmental protection electronic signs, vehicle-aware base stations, environmental monitoring base stations, and regulatory control platforms.
Electronic environmental protection sign. The 900M RFID electronic sign is used. This electronic sign contains vehicle information such as license plate number, vehicle model, and emission standard. It also has a unique identification code that replaces the conventional conventional paper-based environmental protection sign and forms a unique correspondence with the vehicle.
Vehicle aware base station. Using double-based identification technology (ie video + radio frequency), radio frequency identification enables non-contact automatic identification of electronic tags, and enables detection of electronic tags on vehicles with high speed (180 km/h) at a long distance (up to about 15 meters). And read and write; through the video recognition to achieve license plate recognition, photo forensics, and can match with the radio frequency identification results.
Environmental monitoring base station. Established on both sides of the road, it can detect and warn motor vehicle pollution in the urban road network in real time.
Regulatory control platform. It is the brain of the low-carbon traffic area system and is responsible for intelligent analysis of the transmitted identification information and environmental information. It coordinates with the environmental protection and public security business processing platform to realize the analysis and processing of the regulatory business of low-carbon traffic areas.
The application of RFID in low-carbon transportation construction includes the following parts:
1) Apply to the construction of the green intelligent transportation system to realize both prevention and pollution control
The symbiosis of congestion and pollution, the more congestion, the more serious the pollution, and the greater the harm to people.
Under normal circumstances, exhaust emissions when the vehicle is traveling at a speed of 20 km/h are more than double that at 40 km/h. Using electronic environmental protection signs as the carrier, using the Internet of Things technology, establishing an intelligent transportation system, collecting, organizing, and analyzing comprehensive traffic information, and conducting traffic control according to road congestion conditions, so that the flow of traffic on the road network can be operated in an optimal state, thereby improving Traffic jams reduce vehicle pollution. It has been estimated that it can reduce motor vehicle pollutant emissions by 15%-20%.
2) Applied to Public Traffic Priority System
Electronic environmental labels can meet the needs of automatic signal acquisition, and serve the development of public transportation, adherence to public transport priority strategies, and construction of bus-only roads and public traffic priority signal systems. By increasing the speed of bus transportation, a bus rapid transit system will be formed, which will increase the bus trip rate, reduce the proportion of private cars and reduce emissions.
3) Apply to high-contamination yellow mark cars and non-standard car limit enforcement
The high-pollution yellow label vehicle refers to the vehicle that the emission standard does not meet the national I, and the non-standard vehicle refers to the vehicle that cannot receive the environmental label without failing the environmental protection annual inspection or the environmental protection annual inspection. Although the yellow-labeled vehicles and non-standard vehicles only account for 10%-15% of the total number of motor vehicles in the city, the discharged pollutants amount to 50% of the total amount of motor vehicle emissions. The use of electronic environmental protection signs and the establishment of a regional restricted-line system for Internet of Things technology can realize the integration of the vehicle information system, environmental protection supervision system, and road access system, thereby realizing the uniqueness of the identification of vehicle signs and improving the accuracy of limit-based management. High efficiency.
4) Access control for vehicles with different emission standards
Tried the congestion charging policy and set up a low carbon transportation area. That is, on the basis of setting restrictions on the yellow-labeled vehicles and non-standard vehicles, the establishment of free-to-use low-carbon traffic areas that only allow new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles, and vehicles above China V, and other countries such as I-State IV vehicles will be established. According to different emission levels, the classification of fees and charges will be adopted.
5) Verification of environmental protection applied to license plates, annual inspections and road inspections of motor vehicles
The use of electronic environmental protection signs can effectively realize the online auditing of motor vehicle management on board management and public security reading to ensure 100% environmental compliance of the vehicle on the vehicle; it can effectively prevent the cheating of tail gas inspection and inspection; Law enforcement terminal, remotely query vehicle information, and investigate and punish the functions of yellow-marked vehicles, non-standard vehicles, invalid vehicles, counterfeit vehicles and counterfeit vehicles on the spot.
6) Apply to traffic pollution intelligent monitoring online regulation system
Establish environmental pollution monitoring systems on both sides of roads and vehicle pollution. Real-time detection and warning of motor vehicle pollution in urban road networks. Combine intelligent transportation systems and use electronic environmental protection signs to intelligently control vehicle traffic.
7) Protection applied to the national motor vehicle pollution prevention and control mechanism
The existing paper logos are completely based on human law enforcement. They are blocked by public security traffic police and checked by environmental protection personnel. The enforcement costs are high, the efficiency is low, and enforcement is difficult. An electronic environmental protection sign system that establishes national uniform standards and contents is established. Instruments or handheld PDAs (Environmental Protection and Police Affairs) can realize mutual recognition of signs between cities and truly achieve the purpose of joint prevention and control.
8) Information sharing applied to other government departments
Through the development of environmental protection, public security, transportation, urban construction and other multi-sectoral information integration platforms, the rapid sharing of electronic sign information is realized, and comprehensive management of vehicles in cities is realized, such as compulsory insurance and automatic metering.
Some countries and regions have begun to study the countermeasures for low-carbon transportation, such as the classification and management of cars with different emission standards, and the use of scientific and technological means and taxation systems to control carbon emissions. Such as Europe, Britain, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Norway, Asia, Singapore, Tokyo, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Australia and other countries and regions through the establishment of low-carbon traffic areas, low emission areas, green traffic areas, clean demonstration areas, both It ensures the air quality in the region and encourages the use of clean transportation.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, Radio Frequency Identification) technology is an automatic identification technology that originated in the 1950s. RFID technology has broad application prospects. Intelligent transportation, logistics warehousing, retailing, manufacturing, medical and other fields are all RFID applications.
The development of low-carbon transportation is an inevitable trend. The use of RFID technology and the development of electronic environmental protection signage systems to classify vehicles under different emission standards for control and management, and the establishment of low-carbon traffic areas on the basis of this are inevitable in the current “perceived China†environment. select.
Through the construction of a low-carbon transportation area, the urban traffic pattern of “high-contamination yellow-marked vehicles banned from passing, ordinary emission vehicles restricted or toll-free, and zero-emission vehicles free to pass†will be formed in cities, which will promote the elimination of highly polluting vehicles and encourage them. The use of low-carbon emissions such as hybrid electric vehicles, especially zero-carbon emissions of pure electric vehicles and other new energy vehicles will play a catalytic role, while effectively solving the problem of urban congestion, and truly achieve low-carbon traffic, energy-saving emission reduction and improvement. The purpose of air quality.
Through the establishment of a low-carbon transportation tourist area and a low-emission demonstration area, the vehicle emission pollutants will be basically eliminated within a certain area, and the ambient air quality level of the city will be improved, and in particular, the air quality around the road will be improved. Through demonstration projects, more people can be encouraged to purchase and use new energy vehicles and low-emission vehicles, reduce the harm caused by exhaust gas pollution, and protect the ecological environment.
The low-carbon traffic area system is mainly composed of four parts: environmental protection electronic signs, vehicle-aware base stations, environmental monitoring base stations, and regulatory control platforms.
Electronic environmental protection sign. The 900M RFID electronic sign is used. This electronic sign contains vehicle information such as license plate number, vehicle model, and emission standard. It also has a unique identification code that replaces the conventional conventional paper-based environmental protection sign and forms a unique correspondence with the vehicle.
Vehicle aware base station. Using double-based identification technology (ie video + radio frequency), radio frequency identification enables non-contact automatic identification of electronic tags, and enables detection of electronic tags on vehicles with high speed (180 km/h) at a long distance (up to about 15 meters). And read and write; through the video recognition to achieve license plate recognition, photo forensics, and can match with the radio frequency identification results.
Environmental monitoring base station. Established on both sides of the road, it can detect and warn motor vehicle pollution in the urban road network in real time.
Regulatory control platform. It is the brain of the low-carbon traffic area system and is responsible for intelligent analysis of the transmitted identification information and environmental information. It coordinates with the environmental protection and public security business processing platform to realize the analysis and processing of the regulatory business of low-carbon traffic areas.
The application of RFID in low-carbon transportation construction includes the following parts:
1) Apply to the construction of the green intelligent transportation system to realize both prevention and pollution control
The symbiosis of congestion and pollution, the more congestion, the more serious the pollution, and the greater the harm to people.
Under normal circumstances, exhaust emissions when the vehicle is traveling at a speed of 20 km/h are more than double that at 40 km/h. Using electronic environmental protection signs as the carrier, using the Internet of Things technology, establishing an intelligent transportation system, collecting, organizing, and analyzing comprehensive traffic information, and conducting traffic control according to road congestion conditions, so that the flow of traffic on the road network can be operated in an optimal state, thereby improving Traffic jams reduce vehicle pollution. It has been estimated that it can reduce motor vehicle pollutant emissions by 15%-20%.
2) Applied to Public Traffic Priority System
Electronic environmental labels can meet the needs of automatic signal acquisition, and serve the development of public transportation, adherence to public transport priority strategies, and construction of bus-only roads and public traffic priority signal systems. By increasing the speed of bus transportation, a bus rapid transit system will be formed, which will increase the bus trip rate, reduce the proportion of private cars and reduce emissions.
3) Apply to high-contamination yellow mark cars and non-standard car limit enforcement
The high-pollution yellow label vehicle refers to the vehicle that the emission standard does not meet the national I, and the non-standard vehicle refers to the vehicle that cannot receive the environmental label without failing the environmental protection annual inspection or the environmental protection annual inspection. Although the yellow-labeled vehicles and non-standard vehicles only account for 10%-15% of the total number of motor vehicles in the city, the discharged pollutants amount to 50% of the total amount of motor vehicle emissions. The use of electronic environmental protection signs and the establishment of a regional restricted-line system for Internet of Things technology can realize the integration of the vehicle information system, environmental protection supervision system, and road access system, thereby realizing the uniqueness of the identification of vehicle signs and improving the accuracy of limit-based management. High efficiency.
4) Access control for vehicles with different emission standards
Tried the congestion charging policy and set up a low carbon transportation area. That is, on the basis of setting restrictions on the yellow-labeled vehicles and non-standard vehicles, the establishment of free-to-use low-carbon traffic areas that only allow new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles, and vehicles above China V, and other countries such as I-State IV vehicles will be established. According to different emission levels, the classification of fees and charges will be adopted.
5) Verification of environmental protection applied to license plates, annual inspections and road inspections of motor vehicles
The use of electronic environmental protection signs can effectively realize the online auditing of motor vehicle management on board management and public security reading to ensure 100% environmental compliance of the vehicle on the vehicle; it can effectively prevent the cheating of tail gas inspection and inspection; Law enforcement terminal, remotely query vehicle information, and investigate and punish the functions of yellow-marked vehicles, non-standard vehicles, invalid vehicles, counterfeit vehicles and counterfeit vehicles on the spot.
6) Apply to traffic pollution intelligent monitoring online regulation system
Establish environmental pollution monitoring systems on both sides of roads and vehicle pollution. Real-time detection and warning of motor vehicle pollution in urban road networks. Combine intelligent transportation systems and use electronic environmental protection signs to intelligently control vehicle traffic.
7) Protection applied to the national motor vehicle pollution prevention and control mechanism
The existing paper logos are completely based on human law enforcement. They are blocked by public security traffic police and checked by environmental protection personnel. The enforcement costs are high, the efficiency is low, and enforcement is difficult. An electronic environmental protection sign system that establishes national uniform standards and contents is established. Instruments or handheld PDAs (Environmental Protection and Police Affairs) can realize mutual recognition of signs between cities and truly achieve the purpose of joint prevention and control.
8) Information sharing applied to other government departments
Through the development of environmental protection, public security, transportation, urban construction and other multi-sectoral information integration platforms, the rapid sharing of electronic sign information is realized, and comprehensive management of vehicles in cities is realized, such as compulsory insurance and automatic metering.
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