Japan set up a space surveillance system to detect space debris using radar

In a significant move to safeguard space assets and Earth from the growing threat of space debris, Japan is set to launch a comprehensive surveillance system in spring 2014. According to a report by the Yomiuri Shimbun on January 26, the Japanese Cabinet Office, Ministry of Defense, and Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology are collaborating to integrate advanced radar technology and JAXA's cosmic observation systems.

This initiative marks the first time that the Japanese government is utilizing both JAXA's observational tools and equipment from the Japan Defense Agency. Among the technologies being considered is the Self-Defense Force’s FPS-5 radar, known for its distinctive dome-like structure resembling a tortoise shell. This radar is capable of tracking objects at extremely high altitudes, making it an ideal tool for detecting space debris.

With more nations entering the space race, the volume of space debris has been steadily increasing, posing a serious risk to satellites and even life on Earth. Currently, JAXA uses radar and telescopes in Okayama Prefecture to monitor space debris, but these systems are limited in their ability to detect objects smaller than one meter in size. The FPS-5 radar, however, can track missiles flying at over 100 kilometers, offering a much higher level of precision and reliability.

The integration of such advanced technologies represents a major step forward in Japan's efforts to ensure the safety and sustainability of space activities. By combining military-grade radar with scientific observation methods, Japan aims to create a more robust and effective system for monitoring and managing space debris, contributing to global space security.

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