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The high-altitude wind-powered balloon was floating over the old Jingshan city in the Disney animation “Great Heroesâ€. Although the city was fictional and the technology was not fiction, the high-altitude wind turbine developed by Altaeros Energies was awarded in 2014. Japan's SoftBank invests 7 million U.S. dollars; it is also a renewable energy source. Nowadays, solar energy is not to be outdone. The NextPV Lab, jointly run by the National Research Center of France and the University of Tokyo, proposes the concept of high-altitude solar energy.
Is the idea work? The French National Science Research Center and the University of Tokyo try high-altitude solar power generation on the cloud
The French president of NextPV Labs, Jean-François Guillemoles specializing in electrochemistry, surface chemistry and materials engineering explains the idea of ​​high-altitude solar energy: the so-called instability of solar energy, mainly from the weather In terms of interference, when the clouds drifted past, the solar power facilities on the ground suffered a sudden drop in power generation due to the sun being shielded, causing grid dispatch problems. However, above the clouds, there was the sun all day and every day was sunny. . As for how to put the solar panels into the sky, the method is the same as the high-altitude wind power generation: using large balloons.
With the current grid technology, solar energy is subject to scheduling problems arising from the passing of clouds and power generation interruptions, which can already be prepared in advance with the weather forecast. However, the reduction in the amount of power generated by cloud cover cannot be avoided. If high-altitude solar power is used, above the clouds, Regardless of whether the ground is cloudy or cloudy and the thickness of air and dust that passes through the ground is reduced, the amount of power generated is expected to be five times that of the ground.
But what if the solar panels on the high air ball racks meet typhoons? Simple, with weather forecast, in case of extreme weather, the balloon can be taken down; in addition, in order to avoid accidental collision of the aircraft, the balloon should also be equipped with a signal light, the signal lamp consumes less electricity, can be issued by the balloon itself Electricity provided.
NextPV is currently investigating ways to send electricity from balloons to the ground and how cost-effective solar power is relative to ground-based solar power facilities. However, NextPV focuses not only on costs, but also on the fact that balloons can be easily moved and installed. This feature is not only The relatively low carbon footprint of the installed equipment also allows high-altitude solar power to be freely retracted and moved as high-altitude wind power can generate, thus opening up many possibilities for applications, such as temporary support for remote power-off areas, or temporary Remote project power supply.
Use as a decentralized energy source
However, NextPV's fantasies not only stop there. Since high-altitude solar is based on large balloons, NextPV even wants to use the balloon itself as an energy storage solution. NextPV intends to fill balloons with hydrogen. Hydrogen not only allows the balloon to float, but it can also serve as Energy storage, François dot; Gimos believes that high-altitude solar energy equipment can be connected to a hydrogen fuel cell system. When electricity is available, hydrogen is stored in the balloon itself; when electricity is needed at night, hydrogen is drawn from the balloon. With hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity, the size of the balloon can store up to 10 days of power generation, which is more than enough to supply at night.
However, this part of the idea of ​​hydrogen storage has been questioned by many people. First of all, where should the hydrogen production equipment be placed? If it is on a balloon, it will greatly increase the weight of the balloon and it will affect the floating capacity. If this floor is put on, there must be a hydrogen pipeline. Balloons leading to heaven are obviously quite dangerous; secondly, many countries have already banned the use of hydrogen balloons, which means that if they are filled with hydrogen, they cannot be legally operated.
In fact, if it is only for nighttime power supply, it does not need such a large amount of fees. The battery-based energy storage station can be installed on the ground, either with mainstream lithium batteries or other battery technologies such as flow batteries. Yes, the battery station can also be loaded on the container, as mobile as a balloon, supporting applications such as remote temporary projects.
The market has also questioned if high-altitude solar power is connected to the grid, coupled with the cost of monitoring, control, etc., which are required for grid-connected power, I am afraid there is no market competitiveness in price. However, if high-altitude solar energy can really be realized, the initial application will obviously be used as a decentralized energy source. It can support remote areas, temporary projects, remote industrial sites, mines, and military bases that need temporary electricity, or support disaster relief. In the field, as well as various temporary activities such as field concerts, the demand for electricity in these remote or temporary projects cannot be met or the cost is very high. High-altitude solar energy is a very good solution, and these fields do not need to be linked to the power companies. The biggest competitors for grid price competition may instead be high-altitude wind power.
When the technology is mature, high-altitude solar energy is expected to have more efficient and more added value applications. For example, the same high-altitude solar balloons can be combined with high-altitude wind turbines, which not only serve two birds with one stone, but also solve the problem of nighttime power supply. Problems; On sunny days, high-altitude solar balloons float above the city, or provide shade to reduce the heat island effect, not only generating electricity by itself, but also reducing electricity consumption in cities. All these have imagination space. In any case, expect NextPV to build a prototype as soon as possible to begin testing.
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