Application of advanced cutting tools in oil drilling equipment industry

Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd. Fourth Machinery Factory is a leading enterprise specializing in the development of oil drilling equipment. As China's equipment industry continues to advance, the company has remained committed to innovation and high-quality production. To build a lasting brand image, we ensure that every part meets strict standards in terms of material, structure, and precision. Our branch factory serves as the core manufacturing base for pump assemblies, which are essential components of our solid-pressure equipment. In order to meet the demands of modern production, we rely heavily on advanced and efficient tools and machine tools. Currently, about half of our machining center equipment is imported from China, and these are all heavy-duty, low-speed machines. The cutting tools we use are primarily CNC cutters from global brands such as Kenner (Sweden), Sandvik Coromant, Sumitomo, Kyocera, Da Zhaohe, Teguike (Korea), Chengdu Sentai Yingge, and Qianmu Tool Co., Ltd. Only the handles are manufactured domestically, while the blades remain largely imported. Our annual tool consumption reaches approximately 2 million yuan. **Use of Modular Tools** At present, our rough boring process uses a one-piece double-edged trowel, as shown in Figure 1. However, the industry is moving towards modular tools. For finishing operations, instead of using traditional fine boring tools that are popular domestically, we opt for a CH head imported from abroad, which resembles a flat disk. This type of CH head can automatically adjust diameter changes and is capable of finishing precise sizes, arcs, grooves, and threads simply by replacing the front cutter head. It also offers a longer processing length compared to standard flat disks. However, its complex manufacturing process, high precision requirements, and long lead times make it expensive—often costing as much as a small CNC machine. **Blade Selection** Our core products, such as pump bodies, are six-sided box parts made from alloy steel with a hardness of at least 34HRC. These parts feature intersecting holes on multiple faces, presenting several challenges: high hardness, deep hole drilling, large internal cavities, narrow openings, and the need for undercut features. Additionally, there are large-diameter serrated threads and high-precision conical holes (with minimum diameters larger than 70mm). For processing intersecting holes, which are mainly for weight reduction and water storage, ordinary cutting tools often break or suffer severe wear due to the complexity of the structure. We currently use Kenner’s R0.8 diamond blades, which can handle more than 40mm of depth, with each blade cutting 5mm and requiring 10 blades per operation. One tool can process 2 to 3 cavities. However, Kenner’s blades are expensive and have long delivery times. When a domestic manufacturer attempted to supply similar blades, the results were unsatisfactory, and the process was abandoned after two trials. For sawtooth threads and conical holes, no domestic manufacturers offer reliable solutions yet. We currently use a driver’s pick method for serrated threads, which is fast—processing a 90mm-long toothed section takes only 5–6 minutes. However, this method places high demands on the blade, and inserts often break or wear out in the middle, leading to scrapped or reworked threads. There seems to be no more efficient and stable milling method available for such large-diameter serrated threads.

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