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Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd. Fourth Machinery Factory is a leading enterprise in the development of oil drilling equipment. As China's equipment industry continues to evolve, our company has consistently focused on innovation and improvement. To build a long-lasting brand image, we ensure high-quality production across all aspects, including material selection, structural design, and machining precision. Our branch factory serves as the core manufacturing base for pump assemblies, which are essential components of our solid-pressure equipment.
In our production process, we rely heavily on advanced and efficient tools and machine tools. Currently, about half of our machining center equipment is imported from abroad, and most of them are heavy-duty, low-speed machines. For cutting tools, we primarily use CNC cutters from well-known international brands such as Kenner (Sweden), Sandvik Coromant, Sumitomo, Kyocera, Da Zhaohe, Teguike (Korea), Chengdu Sentai Yingge, and Qianmu Tool Co., Ltd. Only the handles of these tools are manufactured domestically, while the blades remain mostly imported. Annually, our tool consumption reaches approximately 2 million yuan.
**Use of Modular Tools**
At present, we use an integral double-edged boring tool for rough boring, as shown in Figure 1. However, the global trend is moving toward modular tools. For finishing, instead of using conventional fine boring tools that are commonly used domestically, we opt for a CH head imported from overseas—a device similar to a flat disk. This CH head can automatically adjust the diameter, allowing for precise finishing of size, arcs, grooves, and threads. By simply replacing the front cutter head, we achieve greater flexibility and efficiency. Additionally, this type of CH head offers a longer processing length compared to traditional flat disks. However, it comes with challenges: complex manufacturing, high precision requirements, long procurement cycles, and high costs—often equivalent to the price of a small CNC machine.
**Blade Selection**
Our core products, such as pump bodies, are six-sided box parts made from alloy steel with a hardness of at least 34HRC. These parts feature intersecting holes on all sides, as shown in Figure 3. The challenges include high hardness, deep hole drilling, large internal cavities, narrow openings, and the need for undercutting. Additionally, there are large-diameter serrated threads and high-precision conical holes, with minimum diameters exceeding 70mm.
For processing intersecting holes, we face difficulties due to the complexity of the structure. Ordinary tools often break or wear quickly, making it difficult to complete the work. We use Kenner’s R0.8 diamond blades, which can balance over 40mm in length, with each blade being 5mm thick. A set of 10 blades allows us to process 2 to 3 cavities. However, Kenner’s blades are expensive and have long delivery times. When a domestic manufacturer attempted to supply similar blades, the results were unsatisfactory, and we were unable to complete a single hole. After two trials, they gave up. For serrated threads and taper holes, no domestic manufacturers currently offer reliable solutions. We currently process serrated threads using a driver pick method, which is fast—processing a 90mm-long thread takes only 5–6 minutes. However, this method places extreme demands on the blade, often leading to breakage or wear in the middle, resulting in scrapped or reworked threads. At this point, there seems to be no more efficient and stable milling method available for such large-diameter serrated threads.
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