![<?echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];?>](/template/twentyseventeen/skin/images/header.jpg)
Electric welding is a special type of work. Almost all industrial fields involve electric welding operations. There are also many occupational hazards, such as dust, poison, high temperature, arc light, high frequency electromagnetic field, and so on. If the working environment is harsh and lacks safety protection measures, long-term electric welding operators are prone to occupational diseases (such as pneumoconiosis, poisoning), or burns, burns, and high-intensity electromagnetic radiation damage.
Pneumoconiosis
Welding fume is the main cause of pneumoconiosis, and its composition varies with the use of electrodes. The electrode consists of a core and a coating. The core contains a large amount of iron, carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, nickel zinc, lead, sulfur and phosphorus; the materials in the coating are mainly marble, fluorite, rutile, pure salt, water glass, ferromanganese and the like. When welding, the arc discharge reaches a high temperature of 4000-6000 °C, and a large amount of soot (the main components are iron oxide, manganese oxide, silicon dioxide, silicate, etc.) is generated, which is easily absorbed into the lungs when it is permeated in the working environment. Long-term inhalation can cause fibrotic lesions in the lung tissue, that is, welder pneumoconiosis, and often accompanied by manganese poisoning, fluorosis and metal smoke fever. The main manifestations of the patient are chest tightness, chest pain, shortness of breath, cough and other respiratory symptoms, accompanied by headaches, generalized weakness and other symptoms, the lungs have a certain degree of damage through the gas function. Pneumoconiosis is a very serious occupational disease, so far no cure can cure.
â—† From 1996 to 2003, in the new cases of pneumoconiosis in Shanghai, the electric welder's pneumoconiosis accounted for 23.2%.
â—† In 2005, the Ministry of Health received 148 reports of national electric welder pneumoconiosis.
2. Chronic poisoning
If workers accumulate excessive amounts of smoke containing manganese, lead, etc. in long-term electric welding operations, it will cause chronic manganese poisoning and lead poisoning, leading to damage to the nervous system, causing peripheral neuritis, memory loss, mental disorders, and emotional instability. And other symptoms. In severe cases, the limbs are weak and difficult to walk. According to information, manganese poisoning causes some people who have been engaged in electric welding for a long time to suffer from Parkinson's disease. The survey of workers found that electric welding also has an impact on the reproductive system. Female workers have abnormal menstruation, premature birth, and miscarriage. The survival rate of male workers is lower than that of ordinary people.
3. Welding torch
Electric welding smoke is a kind of metal smoke heat. A large amount of metal fumes are generated during welding. The electric welder inhales the metal oxide smoke, the body temperature rises sharply, and the number of blood cells outside the body increases, which can cause systemic diseases. After 6 to 12 hours of exposure to metal smoke, dizziness, fatigue, chest tightness, shortness of breath, soreness of muscles and joints, and then fever, Leukocytosis, severe chills, trembling.
4. Hazards of toxic gases
Under the action of high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays generated by the welding arc, a large amount of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides are generated.
(1) Harmful gases of ozone that are colorless and have a special pungent odor. It has a strong stimulating effect on the respiratory mucosa and lungs. Inhalation of low concentrations (0.4mg/m3) of ozone for a short period of time can cause symptoms such as cough, dry throat, chest tightness, loss of appetite, and fatigue. Long-term inhalation of low concentrations of ozone can cause bronchitis, emphysema, and lung sclerosis.
(2) Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, non-irritating gas that is easily combined with hemoglobin that transports oxygen in the human body and is extremely difficult to separate. Therefore, when a large amount of hemoglobin is combined with carbon monoxide, oxygen loses the opportunity to bind to hemoglobin, causing a disorder in the function of transporting and utilizing oxygen, and necrosis of human tissue due to lack of oxygen.
(3) Toxic gases in which nitrogen oxides have a pungent odor, and nitrogen oxides which are frequently exposed are mainly nitrogen dioxide. It is a reddish-brown gas with a special odor. When inhaled, it passes through the upper respiratory tract and enters the alveoli. It gradually acts with water to form nitric acid and nitrous acid, which produces intense stimulation and corrosion to the lung tissue. Causes pulmonary edema.
5. Harm of arc radiation
The arc light generated by welding mainly includes infrared rays, visible light, and ultraviolet rays. Among them, ultraviolet rays mainly cause harm to the human body through photochemical action. It damages the eyes and exposed skin, causing keratoconjunctivitis (electro-optic ophthalmia), chronic blepharitis, crystal opacity and skin erythema. The main manifestations are the patient's eye pain, shame, tearing, redness and swelling of the eyelids. After exposure to ultraviolet light, the skin may have edematous erythema with obvious boundaries. In severe cases, blisters, exudates and edema may occur, and there is a significant burning sensation.
There are many hazard factors in the welding work, and the damage is very great, so the control measures are very important.
1. Improve welding technology, improve process and materials <br> Improve welding technology, realize mechanization and automation of welding operation, isolate people from welding environment, and fundamentally eliminate the harm of welding work to human body. For example, the rational design of the structure of the welding container, the use of a single-sided welding, double-sided forming new process, to avoid welders in the poorly ventilated containers, this will greatly help to improve the welder's operating conditions; The process of suppressing the technology of the soot ion charge in situ can make 80%-90% of the welding dust to be cleaned on the spot, thereby reducing the dust pollution. Since the hazards caused by electric welding are mostly related to the composition of the electrode coating, improving the electrode material and selecting non-toxic or low-toxic welding electrodes can also effectively reduce the welding hazard.
2. Improve the ventilation of the workplace <br> The ventilation method can be divided into natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Among them, mechanical ventilation relies on the pressure generated by the fan to exchange air, and the effect of dust removal and detoxification is better. Mechanical ventilation is required when welding in a naturally ventilated room or in a closed container such as a container.
3. Strengthen personal protective measures <br> Strengthen personal protection to prevent the danger of toxic gases and dust generated during welding. Workers must use appropriate protective glasses, masks, gloves, white protective clothing, insulated shoes, never wear short-sleeved clothes or roll up their sleeves. If working in a closed container with poor ventilation, wear a blower. Protective helmet for performance.
4. Strengthening labor protection publicity and education and on-site tracking and monitoring work <br> The welding workers should carry out the necessary occupational safety and health knowledge education to improve their self-protection awareness and reduce the incidence of occupational diseases. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring work of dust poisoning in the welding work site and the physical inspection work of the electric welder to find and solve problems in time.
321 Tube,321 Ss Pipe,321 Stainless Tubing,321 Stainless Steel Tubing
Zhejiang Ruimai Stainless steel Tube Co.,Ltd. , https://www.ruimaitube.com