Several common mistakes in potato planting

  1, improper cutting method

There are often three misunderstandings when cutting potato chips: First, the larger the potato chips are cut, the better. The second is to fear that the buds will leave the buds in the middle of the potato. The third is cut into thin slices. When cutting the block, you should master: each potato seed weighs 20-25 grams, close to the edge of the bud, cut the potato pieces into triangles, and each piece must have 1-2 bud eyes.

There are two points to be aware of when cutting potato chips: First, remove the diseased potato when it is cut. The knife should be rubbed with 15% alcohol and then cut another potato. The second is to separate the front buds and the rear buds separately, so that the seedlings are neat and uniform.

2, improper fertilization

Potatoes like potassium, avoid chloride. There are problems in production, such as fear of running, insufficient fertilization, partial application of excessive nitrogen fertilizer, and late dressing. Potatoes require the most potassium, followed by nitrogen, and require less phosphorus. It is necessary to avoid the application of chlorinated fertilizers such as potassium chloride, such as potassium nitrate and other nitrogen fertilizers.

3, the sowing date is too late

In many rural areas, it is common to delay the sowing of seed potatoes and delay the sowing period, so that the potato production period encounters a high temperature stage, which affects the expansion of the potato pieces and causes artificially reduced production. The potato is native to the high mountains of the Andes in South America. The annual average temperature in this region is 5 °C - 10 °C, and the highest is about 21 °C. Studies have shown that when the tuber of the potato is 10 cm deep under the ground at a temperature of 7 ° C - 8 ° C, the young shoots can grow, and at 10 ° C - 12 ° C, the young shoots can thrive. Unearthed seedlings will be frozen when they encounter a low temperature of 0.8 °C. Once the temperature rises above 4 °C, new stems and leaves can be sent from the nodes to continue to grow. The optimum temperature for plant growth is about 21 °C, the optimum temperature for flowering is 15 °C - 17 °C, the optimum temperature for tuber growth is 17 °C - 19 °C, and the temperature stops below 2 °C or above 29 °C. .

4, sowing too shallow

In the daily potato production, the phenomenon of planting too shallow is more. This is very important in several common mistakes in potato planting. It is too shallow to cause the potato to be exposed and green, and it can also cause the underground stalk to be exposed to the potato. The seeds are too shallow and the roots are shallow. It reduces the ability to absorb fertilizer and absorb water. Plants do not affect production. A more reasonable sowing depth is about 10 cm, plus after cultivating the soil. The total buried depth is 15-20 cm.

5. Improper concentration of gibberellin soaking seeds

In order to break the dormancy in advance, prevent the potato block from rot, promote its early germination and tidy emergence, soak it for 3-5 days with 100 mg of gibberellin solution per kg for 15-20 days before sowing, remove and dry it at 15 °C. - germination at 18 ° C, when the bud length of 1 - 15 cm can be sown. In the production, some farmers do not match the concentration of gibberellin or intentionally increase the concentration, so that the stems and leaves grown by the soaked potato are thin and long, and easy to fall, resulting in reduced production.

6, insufficient bottom, improper watering time

The key period of water requirement for the potato during its lifetime is the sowing period and the flowering stage of the progesterate. Entering the flowering stage is the highest peak period of stem and leaf growth. At this stage, the lack of water will affect the normal development of the plant and the rapid expansion of the tubers. In this period, the water shortage is generally reduced by 30%-40%. However, many areas often ignore the bottom water and the core. Flowering water. Insufficient bottom squatting rather than smashing (or slipping the ditch water), it is not suitable for late sowing, and it is not necessary to dry the rain. It is more important to cover the growers with sufficient mulch. After many years of practice, it is believed that: spring potato watering should be mastered: pouring (making) good bottom water, appropriate evening pouring of seedling water, timely pouring of water, no watering for 7-10 days before harvest, the ground must be harvested when harvesting There is no water accumulation, and many common mistakes in potato cultivation are not noticed in this regard.

7, the rotation is not doing well

The potato is a heavy-duty crop, and it is not only a land that does not fall down, but the yield is getting lower and lower, and more importantly, the pests and diseases are serious. Rotation and wheat, corn, millet and other crops are better, it is best not to cross the solanaceous crops such as eggplant, tomatoes, peppers, etc., because of the same infectious disease cross-infection with Solanaceae crops.

If you can't fall down due to land and other reasons, you must pay attention to the following two points: First, fertilize according to the characteristics of potato fertilizer. The second is to pay special attention to the occurrence of various infectious diseases.

Measures: First, use virus-free seed potatoes. The second is to do a good job in monitoring the condition of the field, and to find out the condition in time, it is best to use drugs before and after the onset of disease.

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