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It is determined that the winter winter rapeseed seedlings are transplanted during the sowing period, and the late-maturing varieties are sown in mid-September. The early-maturing varieties should be sown in late September.
To choose a good seedbed, you must choose a high-lying terrain, smooth ground, full sunlight, leeward sun, loose soil and fertile water, near water source, convenient drainage and irrigation. The plots of rapeseed or cruciferous plants have not been planted in 1~2 years. Generally, the ratio of the area of ​​the seedbed to the area of ​​the field is 1: (5~6).
The soil was ploughed 1 week before the fine soil preparation, the thickness of the plough layer was 10~12 cm, and the surrounding ditch was opened. The groove width was 20 cm and the depth was 35 cm. Intensive cultivation before sowing, the soil layer is finely divided and properly compacted. Ditching, requiring the bed surface to be flat, the bed soil is broken, the bottom of the bed is solid, and the width of the bed is 1.5 to 1.7 meters. The length of the raft is determined by the area. The width of the sulcus is 20 cm and the depth is 20 cm. The sulcus should be connected to the gully.
About 10 days before the planting of the base fertilizer, combined with the bed soil, the seedbed of each acre field will be applied with 2000~3000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 1~2 kg of urea, 0.5~1 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.5 kg of borax, and superphosphate. Calcium 20~25 kg, mix well and apply to the topsoil.
Before fine sowing and sowing, remove the glutinous grains and sundries, and then varnish for 2 to 3 days and 3-4 hours per day. There are two kinds of sowing and seeding in the rapeseed seedbed, which is generally spread. Generally, seeds with a thousand-grain weight of 2.5 to 3 grams are seeded at a rate of 0.4 kilograms per mu of seedlings; seeds with a weight of more than 3.5 grams are suitable for seeding at 0.5 to 0.6 kilograms.
When sowing the shallow-cover rapeseed, it is necessary to do the smashing and soaking and soaking. It is best to calculate the seeding amount according to the size of the sputum area, and sift through the grading. In order to spread the seeds, mix some fine soil, fine residue or mix with fried rapeseed (mixed in a ratio of 1:20). Ditch irrigation in time after sowing to make the soil moist. After the seeds are finished, use the iron teeth to cover the surface, cover the seeds with fine soil, or spread a thin layer of fine soil and slag fertilizer, and pat the soil with a flat plate or a shovel. It is then covered with a single layer of crop straw or shade net, and the seedling is released.
The seedlings in the seedlings are generally 2~3 times in the seedbed, and the first seedling time should be carried out in the case of a true leaf after the seedlings; the second seedling should be carried out in 2 true leaves, and the seedling distance is about (3~5) cm× (3~5) cm. When the seedlings enter the 3-leaf stage, the seedlings are fixed, and the spacing of the seedlings is preferably 7-10 cm. 90~120 plants per square meter.
Topdressing water should be poured before the sowing. When planting, it will often encounter autumn drought. Before the emergence, the seedbed should be watered frequently to keep the soil in the seedbed moist, so that the topsoil is not white. After the seedlings, it is necessary to properly control the water.
Timely topdressing 1~2 leaf stage, combined with intercropping seedlings to apply dilute manure water; after 3 leaf stage, after the seedlings should be timely topdressing and hydrating. Combine the seedlings to carry out the weeding of the soil, and after the seedlings, the seedlings per mu should be chased with 800~1000 kg of thin manure water or 10 kg of urea. After 5 leaves, the fertilizer should be properly controlled. 5~7 days before transplanting, apply the marrying fertilizer. If the dry soil is dry, apply about 500 kg of thin and decomposed human and animal excrement per mu of seedbed. If the bed soil is moist, you can also apply urea 2~3 kg. . Water is immersed once a day before transplanting.
Spraying paclobutrazol at the three-leaf stage generally sprays paclobutrazol in the three-leaf stage of rapeseed (effective amount of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder 40-50 g or effective content 5% uniconazole wettable powder 20 g, 50 kg of water). When the application period is early, the dosage is less; the application period is late, and the dosage can be more.
Strengthen the control of pests and diseases. Within 3 days after sowing rapeseed, spray 60 kg of water with 76% of purified metolachlor emulsifiable concentrate 60-70 ml or 50% butachlor EC 100 ml per acre. Seriously grasp the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as rapeseed meal, aphids, yellow-striped flea, cabbage caterpillar, downy mildew, white rust, root rot.
It is better to transplant in the middle and late October. When harvesting a piece of rice, it is necessary to rush a piece of the plant, and insist on bringing the medicine with the fertilizer to the field, expanding the thin plant, and transplanting the plate.
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