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On the evening of July 7, the scientists discovered a new phenomenon that enabled carbon nanotubes to significantly increase water filtration efficiency and reduce costs under certain conditions while reducing environmental impact.
Researchers have studied nanotubes, a material that has shown great potential in many fields of technology, through a virtual supercomputer created by IBM. Based on the platform of this supercomputer, it can aggregate the idle processing power of computing devices contributed by volunteers, that is, using public welfare crowdfunding computing power to support scientists to perform cutting-edge simulation calculations.
Carbon nanotubes—a tiny, hollow structure made of a material similar to pencil graphite that is very small in size, so that impurities in the water stream can be filtered out. The scientific community initially believed that its narrow diameter would slow down the flow of water. Surprisingly, early experiments showed that when water flows through nanotubes, it is not blocked as expected.
To understand the reasons, an international research team led by Tsinghua University scientists conducted an unprecedented large-scale computational simulation study and was supported by the IBM Global Grid (WCG) World Community Grid. Simulations conducted by the scientific community were difficult to study the actual water flow rate because it required more costly calculations.
The new simulations used enormous computational power to reveal that natural and random thermal vibrations of atoms in nanotubes could have a significant effect on water flow under certain conditions. The researchers found that these vibrations, called phonons, can increase the rate of moisture diffusion by more than 300% due to reduced friction.
With a new understanding of this phenomenon, researchers now hope to optimize nanotubes and apply them to improved filtration and seawater desalination systems. With the declining global freshwater reserves, improved, lower-cost purification processes can help people obtain drinking water and irrigation water. At present, nearly 1 billion people worldwide lack safe drinking water.
This new understanding of the phenomenon also allows us to better understand how chemicals and drugs pass through tiny channels in the body's cell walls, thereby bringing about medical advances. Through further research, we can also use these findings to improve the freshwater and brine mixed power technology, Osmotic Power.
In the past decade, more than 3 million computers and mobile devices provided by about 700,000 people and 460 institutions in 80 countries have provided virtual supercomputing power for important WCG projects. Since the plan was launched, the world's public grid computing has supported nearly 20 important research projects, contributed more than 1 million years worth of computing time worth 400 million U.S. dollars, and promoted cancer research and AIDS treatment. Major scientific advancements in various fields such as genetic reorganization, solar energy, and ecosystem protection. More than 2.4 billion research missions have been completed; more than 1.5 million new tasks are processed daily.
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