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How many kilowatts of panels can be installed on the roof of my home? How can we design and measure? In fact, how much a PV system can be installed and how much capacity it is designed to be “tailored†as the idiom says, we must first measure the height and weight of the body, and then measure According to this index, it is determined whether the size of the clothes fits. The same applies to the design and installation of photovoltaic systems. To install photovoltaic systems on their own roofs, the first constraint is how many photovoltaic modules will be placed in the identified unobstructed areas.
In the actual installation and construction process, the roof should be significantly larger than the area required by the photovoltaic array, and it is mainly affected by the presence or part of the protruding roof. A key factor here is the effective area.
There are generally three kinds of roofs for installation of photovoltaic power generation: color steel roofs, brick and tile roofs, and flat concrete roofs. Different roofs, photovoltaic power station installation methods are different, and the installed power station area is also different. (using crystalline silicon components as an example)
1 color steel tile roof
Installation of photovoltaic power stations on steel-colored tile roofs of steel structures. Normally, PV modules are installed only on the south-facing side. The laying ratio is 1 kW and 10 m2, ie 1 MW (1 MW = 1000 kW). Need to use 10,000 square meters of area.
2 brick roof
In the installation of photovoltaic power plants on roofs of brick and tile structures, photovoltaic components are usually covered in roof areas that are not sheltered between 08:00 and 16:00. Although the installation method is different from that of colored steel roofs, the laying ratio is similar, and the area is 1 kilowatt. 10 square meters or so. In other words, a tile roof with a relatively large area (100~150 square meters) can be installed with about 10 kilowatts of photovoltaic power generation system. The average annual power generation in 25 years is estimated to be 90 to 13,000 degrees.
3 flat concrete roof
To install photovoltaic power stations on a flat roof, in order to ensure that the components receive as much sunlight as possible, an optimum level of inclination is required. Therefore, a certain spacing is required between each row of components to ensure that it is not shaded by the front row components. Therefore, the roof area occupied by the entire project will be larger than the color steel tile and villa roof that can be tiled. In general, taking into account the natural barriers and the height of the parapet wall, the 1 kW occupied roof area is about 15 to 20 square meters, which means that 1 megawatt project needs to use 1.5 to 20,000 square meters.
4 How to measure the effective space of the roof
During the PV array design and component selection process, the active surface is active and important. Let's say what measurement tips are available on the effective roof area, how to master these tips, and make the design and installation of the photovoltaic system of the home more scientific and reasonable.
When measuring, a tape measure can be used to measure or directly from the structure of the building. For example, the distance between the eaves and the ridge of the roof is defined as “widthâ€, and the horizontal distance along the eaves is defined as the length.
5 Determine "Edge Area"
Here, according to the selected installation method, a boundary or “marginal area†should be set aside in the vicinity of the estate. If the reserved space in the marginal area is too small, it will inconvenience construction and maintenance. If the marginal area is too large, the effective roof area will be reduced, affecting the design of the photovoltaic system. For such a special parameter, the place will generally be stipulated for its size. In Australia where photovoltaic power generation started earlier, it is recommended to select 20% of the effective area for the “edge areaâ€.
6 Determine the maximum number of PV modules that can be installed in the effective area
As we all know, the commonly used photovoltaic modules are rectangular and have two fixed latitudes: length and width. The actual number of photovoltaic modules that can be installed on a roof is mainly affected by the two fixed latitudes and the effective space length and width of the roof. Typically, photovoltaic arrays can be landscape-mounted (long side parallel to the long side of the roof) or portrait (long side parallel to the wide side of the roof) depending on the orientation and effective area of ​​the roof.
7 irregular roof can be divided method
In rural areas, the roofs are complex and diverse. Not all roofs are rectangles that we aspire to. If the roof you are facing is a non-rectangular area, then don’t panic. You can use split method to divide the roof into several rectangles and then follow. Landscape installation, portrait style to install.
Understand these, and make reasonable use of and create a roof effective area, to maximize benefits! But here we have to note that although the roof space is an important factor to consider the total number of photovoltaic modules, but also subject to other factors, such as the final component The total number also depends on the choice of inverter and the number of components that can be connected in parallel to the inverter.
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