Explore the Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy by Animals

The poor efficiency of existing solar panels can only convert 24% of sunlight into electricity. While some animals in the natural world are masters in "handling the sun", humans may use solar energy to get inspiration from Mother Nature.

Swallowtail wings

Rationale: The black scales of Swallowtail do not reflect any sunlight. Scientists believe this may help regulate the body temperature of the butterfly.

Revelation: Like the moth's eyes, butterfly wings increase the absorptivity of sunlight. The flat structure can help better apply to solar cells.

Bionic: Simulating the configuration of butterfly wings, in 2009, Chinese and Japanese scientists invented a titanium dioxide casting that could increase the energy output rate of solar cells by 10%.

The moth's eyes

Principle: The dark inner structure of the moth's eyes is the least reflective surface in nature. Scientists believe that this organizational structure helps moths maintain sensitive vision at night. At the same time, it can also minimize the reflection of signals received by predators.

Significance: The less surface light reflection of solar cells, the more energy that can be converted.

Bionics: Japanese scientists are trying to replicate the nanoscale structure of the moth's eyes on acrylic films. Studies have shown that this film is used in solar cells and can increase the efficiency of 6%. Now, this technology is gradually moving towards commercial use.

Oriental Hornet stripes

PRINCIPLE: The Bumblebee has a natural pigment called xanthine that gives it a yellow stripe on its abdomen, which produces a bio-thermal energy that keeps the bumblebee cool.

Implications: Xanthine is the best solar panel in nature - it can naturally convert sunlight into energy.

Bionics: Scientists in the United Kingdom and Israel immersed the electrode of a solar cell in a xanthopterin solution collected on a bumblebee. Unfortunately, the efficiency of the cell has only increased by less than 1%. Researchers have added anti-reflective surfaces - which exist in the outer skeleton of Bumblebees - to increase efficiency. Now, scientists are looking for other natural "bionic" solar panels.

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